Critical Review of Nanopillar-Based Mechanobactericidal Systems

The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria is the biggest threat to human health globally, as described by World Health Organization. Mechanobactericidal surfaces provide a sustainable approach addressing this concern eradicating pathogens, especially bacteria, “right-at-the-point” contacting surface. However, lack “design manufacture” due our limited understanding mechanobactericidal mechanism has impeded engineering optimization develop scalable exploitation routes in various healthcare applications. It can be argued that reason, most particularly, limitations and uncertainties associated with current instrumentation simulation capabilities, which led several streams test protocols. This review highlights on mechanisms light contributing factors techniques are used postulate these mechanisms. offers critique variations observed how nanostructured found literature have been evaluated such protocols outcomes incomparable. also shows strong need for developing more accurate models bacterium because currently reported experimental data insufficient bacterial material (constitutive equations). alludes scarcity direct evidence mechanism, suggesting further situ monitoring future research direction.